{"id":12905,"date":"2025-09-02T10:27:46","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T08:27:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/?p=12905"},"modified":"2026-09-29T17:28:36","modified_gmt":"2026-09-29T15:28:36","slug":"ifc-schema-the-ifcrelationship-concept","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/ifc-schema-the-ifcrelationship-concept\/","title":{"rendered":"IFC schema: the IfcRelationship concept"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sommario\">IfcRelationship is the second pillar of the IFC data schema. Here are different relationship types between entities and properties explained in just a few steps<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>In this blog post we\u2019re going to make a brief overview of the second pillar on which the IFC (<em>Industry Foundation Classes<\/em>) format data schema is based, the <code>IfcRelationShip<\/code>, i.e. different types of relationships that are established within the IFC schema.<\/p>\n<p>If you need to practically verify the concept of IfcRelationship between entities in a building (or parts of a building), such as, walls, floors, windows, you can use an <a class=\"textualLink_usbim-browser\" href=\"https:\/\/www.accasoftware.com\/en\/bim-viewer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">online BIM viewer<\/a>\u00a0that allows you to open, analyze and manage an IFC file.<\/p>\n<p>In our previous blog post, we\u2019ve already looked at the<code>IfcObject<\/code><code><\/code>, the generalization of any semantically treated thing or process within the IFC, and<a href=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/ifc-file-structure-the-ifcobjectdefinition\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> the entities<\/a>. Here are the links to the 3 contents forming the first level of specialization within the IFC class hierarchy:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/ifc-file-structure-the-ifcobjectdefinition\/\">article regarding the IfcObject<\/a><\/li>\n<li>article regarding the IfcRelationship<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/ifc-schema-part-3-the-ifcpropertydefinition\/\">article regarding the IfcPropertyDefinition <\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"the-ifc-model-structure\">The IFC model structure<\/h2>\n<p>The IFC schema can be considered as a storage system for organizing and transferring digital data, in order to facilitate interoperability between different subjects.<\/p>\n<p>Additionally, the IFC defines a model integrated with hundreds of entities organized hierarchically.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_12946\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12946\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12946 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCdataschema.jpg\" alt=\"IfcRelationship: the IFC Data Schema\" width=\"800\" height=\"264\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-12946\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12946 lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCdataschema.jpg\" alt=\"IfcRelationship: the IFC Data Schema\" width=\"800\" height=\"264\" srcset=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCdataschema.jpg 800w, https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCdataschema-300x99.jpg 300w, https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCdataschema-768x253.jpg 768w, https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCdataschema-705x233.jpg 705w, https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCdataschema-420x139.jpg 420w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript> IFC Data schema composition<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>There are 3 fundamental concepts on which the IFC logic is based and that represent its structure:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>IfcObjectDefinition<\/code>: stands for all entities (objects)<\/li>\n<li><code>IfcRelationship<\/code>: summarizes relationships between entities<\/li>\n<li><code>IfcPropertyDefinition<\/code>: describes properties associated with the entities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_12948\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12948\" class=\"wp-image-12948 size-full lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCrelationshipschema.jpg\" alt=\"IfcRelationship with examples\" width=\"800\" height=\"362\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-12948\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12948 size-full lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCrelationshipschema.jpg\" alt=\"IfcRelationship with examples\" width=\"800\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCrelationshipschema.jpg 800w, https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCrelationshipschema-300x136.jpg 300w, https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCrelationshipschema-768x348.jpg 768w, https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCrelationshipschema-705x319.jpg 705w, https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IFCrelationshipschema-354x160.jpg 354w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript> IFC schema | Scheme describing the IfcRelationship<\/p><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"ifcrelationship\"><span style=\"text-align: center;\">IfcRelationship<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><code>IfcRelationship<\/code> describes different types of relationships.<\/p>\n<p>Specifically, there are 5 basic types of relationships in the IFC model, which are subtypes of the IfcRelationship class:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>IfcRelConnects<\/code> is a connectivity relationship that connects objects based on certain criteria. For example, a slab connected to a beam or a partition wall supported on a floor slab<\/li>\n<li><code>IfcRelAssociates<\/code> serves to relate external sources of information and associates them with objects or property definitions. The association relationship is one-way. An external IFC library in which the object or the information on the classification for a particular space inside a building is defined, could represent a valid example<\/li>\n<li><code>IfcRelDecomposes<\/code> defines the general concept of elements that are composed or decomposed. Decompositions imply a hierarchy, where, the definition of the whole depends on the definition of the single parts and vice versa. Therefore, a cost item can be included in other items or a structural frame can be considered an aggregation of beams and columns<\/li>\n<li><code>IfcRelDefines<\/code> is a relationship that allows an object instance to inherit a property set. For example, different instances of windows within the IFC model may be of the same type, (belonging to the same catalogue or manufacturer). Thereby they share the same information<code><\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>IfcRelAssigns<\/code> makes explicit assignment relationships that arise when an object needs the services of another object. For example, we can assign a certain resource to an object.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Each of these 5 types allows the development of further relationships between objects, types, properties, etc. (subtypes trees) as shown in the following scheme:<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_12951\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12951\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12951 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelationship-levels.png\" alt=\"IFC schema: IfcRelationship\" width=\"800\" height=\"370\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-12951\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12951 lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelationship-levels.png\" alt=\"IFC schema: IfcRelationship\" width=\"800\" height=\"370\" srcset=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelationship-levels.png 800w, https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelationship-levels-300x139.png 300w, https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelationship-levels-768x355.png 768w, https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelationship-levels-705x326.png 705w, https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelationship-levels-346x160.png 346w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript> IFC file structure | Scheme showing the IfcRelationship subdivision<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The screenshots below taken from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.accasoftware.com\/en\/ifc-viewer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">usBIM.viewer+<\/a> working space outline different examples of relationships:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>in the first illustration we see how <code>IfcRelAggregates<\/code> relates the <code>IfcBuilding<\/code>\u00a0with all the <strong>levels<\/strong> in which it is subdivided, i.e. <code>IfcBuildingStorey<\/code><\/li>\n<li>in the second illustration it is shown how <code>IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure<\/code> links together <code>IfcBuildingStorey<\/code> with all the <strong>entities<\/strong> belonging to it<\/li>\n<li>in the third one it is highlighted how <code>IfcRelConnectsPathElements<\/code>\u00a0relates the two <strong>contiguous entities<\/strong> (walls) contained in <code>IfcWallStandardCase<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_28134\" style=\"width: 808px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28134\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28134 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelAggregates.jpg\" alt=\"IfcRelationship, the IFC schema\" width=\"798\" height=\"444\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-28134\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28134 lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelAggregates.jpg\" alt=\"IfcRelationship, the IFC schema\" width=\"798\" height=\"444\" \/><\/noscript> IfcRelAggregates | IfcBuilding relationship with all the levels of IfcBuildingStorey<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_28136\" style=\"width: 809px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28136\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28136 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure.jpg\" alt=\"IfcRelationship: IFC Data schema\" width=\"799\" height=\"444\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-28136\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28136 lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure.jpg\" alt=\"IfcRelationship: IFC Data schema\" width=\"799\" height=\"444\" \/><\/noscript> IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure | IfcBuildingStorey relationship with its belonging entities, such as IfcDoor, IfcWallStandardCase, IfcSlab, IfcWindow<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_28137\" style=\"width: 808px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28137\" class=\"wp-image-28137 size-full lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelConnectsPathElements.jpg\" alt=\"IfcRelationship: The IFC Data schema\" width=\"798\" height=\"444\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-28137\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-28137 size-full lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/02\/IfcRelConnectsPathElements.jpg\" alt=\"IfcRelationship: The IFC Data schema\" width=\"798\" height=\"444\" \/><\/noscript> IfcRelConnectsPathElements | Relationship between two contiguous entities included in IfcWallStandardCase IfcRelationship: IFC Data schema<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"international-product-banner-desktop\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"product-banner-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.accasoftware.com\/en\/bim-viewer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/enfold-child\/img\/banner_prodotto\/usbim-browser-en.jpg\" alt=\"usbim-browser\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/enfold-child\/img\/banner_prodotto\/usbim-browser-en.jpg\" alt=\"usbim-browser\" \/><\/noscript><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"international-product-banner-mobile\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"product-banner-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.accasoftware.com\/en\/bim-viewer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/enfold-child\/img\/banner_prodotto_mobile\/usbim-browser-en.jpg\" alt=\"usbim-browser\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/enfold-child\/img\/banner_prodotto_mobile\/usbim-browser-en.jpg\" alt=\"usbim-browser\" \/><\/noscript><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>IfcRelationship is the second pillar of the IFC data schema. Here are different relationship types between entities and properties explained in just a few steps<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":43170,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_data_scadenza_evento":"","_evento_nome":"","_evento_data":"","_evento_luogo":"","_evento_cta":"","keyword_en":"","keyword_es":"","keyword_fr":"","keyword_de":"","keyword_ptb":"","_note_content":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1890],"tags":[5062,2216,5069,5211,5230,5295],"class_list":["post-12905","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ifc-open-bim","tag-acca-viewer","tag-newsletter-136","tag-newsletter-296","tag-newsletter-394","tag-newsletter-412","tag-newsletter-468"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>IFC schema: the IfcRelationship concept - BibLus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"IfcRelationship is the second pillar of the IFC schema. 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