{"id":2064,"date":"2017-08-28T09:50:35","date_gmt":"2017-08-28T09:50:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/?p=2064"},"modified":"2019-11-14T14:56:59","modified_gmt":"2019-11-14T13:56:59","slug":"evolution-of-the-bim-methodology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biblus.accasoftware.com\/en\/evolution-of-the-bim-methodology\/","title":{"rendered":"Evolution of the BIM methodology: LOD as &#8220;Level of Development&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sommario\">Evolution of the BIM methodology: LOD as &#8220;Level of Development&#8221; and clarifications for its use published by the American Institute of Architects<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>In a 2008 publication by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aia.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>AIA<\/strong> (American Institute of Architects)\u00a0<\/a>the term &#8220;<strong>Level of Development<\/strong>&#8221; was used for the first time and was proposed internationally as the meaning of the <strong>LOD<\/strong> acronym.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"degree-of-reliability-of-information-in-bim-and-lod\">Degree of reliability of information in BIM and LOD<\/h2>\n<p>The need to quickly understand the degree of reliability of information transmitted by a BIM model was to imagine its classification by using specific indicators and for this purpose, the LOD acronym quickly gained wide dissemination.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"definition-of-lod-according-to-aia\">Definition of LOD according to AIA<\/h2>\n<p>The contribution of the AIA has been valuable in providing the definition of &#8220;Development Level&#8221; specifying the meaning and scope of the application: following the raised interest, the first paper, published in 2008 was followed by various updates in 2013.<\/p>\n<p>The AIA documents mentioned are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>AIA Document E202\u2122 \u2013 2008, Building Information Modeling Protocol Exhibit;<\/li>\n<li>AIA Document E202\u2122 \u2013 2008, Building Information Modeling Protocol Exhibit;<\/li>\n<li>AIA Document E203\u2122 \u2013 2013, Building Information Modeling and Digital Data Exhibit;<\/li>\n<li>AIA Document G201\u2122 \u2013 2013, Project Digital Data Protocol Form;<\/li>\n<li>AIA Document G202\u2122 \u2013 2013, Project Building Information Modeling Protocol Form.<\/li>\n<li>Guide, Instructions and Commentary to the 2013 AIA Digital Practice Documents:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>AIA Document E203\u2122\u20132013, Building Information Modeling and Digital Data Exhibit;<\/li>\n<li>AIA Document G201\u2122\u20132013, Project Digital Data Protocol Form;<\/li>\n<li>AIA Document G202\u2122\u20132013, Project Building Information Modeling Protocol Form.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"the-definition-of-lod-as-level-of-development-and-its-meaning\">The definition of LOD as &#8220;Level of Development&#8221; and its meaning<\/h2>\n<p>Let&#8217;s see how AIA has in time expressed the meaning of &#8220;level of development&#8221;, starting with the definition proposed in 2008:<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;The Level of Development&#8221; (LOD) describes the level of completeness with which a Model Element is developed&#8221;.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>This definition soon changed to a second meaning in 2013, which further clarified and strengthened its contents:<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;Development Level&#8221; (LOD) describes the minimal dimensional, spatial, quantitative, qualitative, and other data included in a Model Element to support the Authorized Uses associated with that specific LOD&#8221;.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The intent that obviously derives from such definitions is to give a wider meaning to the &#8220;Development Level&#8221; expression, including both graphical and non-graphical aspects, to clearly indicate the &#8220;completeness with which a Model Element is developed&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>This same orientation also emerges by observing how the descriptions of each of the model &#8220;Development Levels&#8221; envisaged by AIA are to be broken down into two parts:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u201cModel Element Content Requirements\u201d<\/em>, where the minimum requirements, especially in terms of representation, are defined, which must be owned by the model element so that it can be said to be developed at a given LOD;<\/li>\n<li>\u201c<em>Authorized Uses\u201d<\/em>, where the uses that the model elements must allow for the considered LOD are specified; In other words, performance is prescribed by the degree of accuracy and reliability of the information transmitted by the model element.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"classification-of-the-level-of-development-proposed-by-the-american-institute-of-architects-aia\">Classification of the &#8220;Level of Development&#8221; proposed by the American Institute of Architects (AIA)<\/h2>\n<p>The proposed classification of LODs consists of 5 levels (100 to 500), each of which can be associated to the following meanings:<\/p>\n<p>LOD 100 &#8211; Concept;<\/p>\n<p>LOD 200 &#8211; Approximate geometry;<\/p>\n<p>LOD 300 &#8211; Precise geometry;<\/p>\n<p>LOD 400 &#8211; Adapted to realization;<\/p>\n<p>LOD 500 &#8211; &#8220;as built&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Each subsequent LOD is based on the previous level and includes all features contained in the previous levels. This allows, at a certain stage of project development, to have different LODs for different elements of the model.<\/p>\n<p>For example, a first sizing of the air conditioning system (LOD &#8220;low&#8221;) will require a more definitive degree of definition of air conditioning volumes (LOD &#8220;high&#8221;), such as to allow heat load assessments and calculations.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.accasoftware.com\/en\/bim-software\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Click here for more information regarding Edificius, the architectural BIM design software. Download the free trial here.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Evolution of the BIM methodology: LOD as &#8220;Level of Development&#8221; and clarifications for its use published by the American Institute of Architects<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_data_scadenza_evento":"","_evento_nome":"","_evento_data":"","_evento_luogo":"","_evento_cta":"","keyword_en":"","keyword_es":"","keyword_fr":"","keyword_de":"","keyword_ptb":"","_note_content":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[51,81],"class_list":["post-2064","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bim-news","tag-edificius","tag-newsletter-24"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Evolution of the BIM methodology: LOD as &quot;Level of Development&quot; - 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